Иваново, Ивановская область, Россия
Иваново, Ивановская область, Россия
Иваново, Ивановская область, Россия
Иваново, Ивановская область, Россия
Иваново, Ивановская область, Россия
УДК 616.62-003.7 Образование мочевых камней
This review deals with the analysis of our own and most important published data, focuses on physical chemical methods for studying the structure, quantitative chemical and mineralogical analysis of renal stones and the relationship of their physicochemical characteristics with the risk factors of urolithiasis, metabolic and genetic disorders occurring for a particular patient. We have shown that renal stones reveal a complex organization, can contain many chemical compounds, a number of which form stable mineralogical phases of a certain structure. The main types of urinary stones are considered and it is pointed out that the methods of analytical chemistry, elemental and X-ray spectral microanalysis can be used for studying the structure of renal calculi. However, they do not provide the information about their mineralogical composition and microstructure, which is important for diagnostic tasks. In contrast, the methods of scanning electron microscopy as well as the methods of polarization microscopy, FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis reveal undeniable advantages for analyzing these species and allow to show how the information of texture of the stone surface and the appearance of certain mineralogical phases helps to clarify the cause of stone formation in the body and prescribe an appropriate treatment.
urolithiasis, high recurrence, classification and composition of renal stones, methods of analysis of mineralogical and chemical composition of calculi
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