Theoretical economics Theoretical economics Теоретическая экономика 2221-3260 91084 10.52957/2221-3260-2024-10-57-71 СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ MODERN PROBLEMS OF THE WORLD ECONOMY СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ МИРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ State Management of Integration Processes in the Union State of Russia and Belarus: Forming a Unified Scientific and Technological Space in the Digital Era Государственное управление интеграционными процессами в Союзном государстве России и Беларуси: формирование единого научно-технологического пространства в цифровую эпоху https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-4440 Астратова Галина Владимировна Astratova Galina Vladimirovna galina_28@mail.ru

доктор экономических наук;

doctor of economic sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7740-5458 Онвусирибе Чигоризим Ндубуиси Onvusiribe Chigorizim Ndubuisi onvusiribe@urfu.ru

доктор философских наук;

doctor of philosophical sciences;

 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8364-2313 Симченко Наталия Александровна Simchenko Nataliya Aleksandrovna nataly.simchenko@gmail.com

доктор экономических наук;

doctor of economic sciences;

 Уральский федеральный университет им. Первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина Ural Federal University named First President of Russia B. Yeltsin Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет Санкт-Петербург Россия St. Petersburg State University Saint Petersburg Russian Federation 31 10 2024 31 10 2024 10 57 71 11 10 2024 24 10 2024 https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/91084/view

В данном исследовании рассматривается государственное управление интеграционными процессами в Союзном государстве России и Беларуси с акцентом на формирование единого научно-технологического пространства в цифровую эпоху. Несмотря на обширные исследования, посвященные российско-белорусской интеграции, остается значительный пробел в понимании конкретных проблем и возможностей, связанных с научно-технической интеграцией в цифровую эпоху. Целью исследования является выявление ключевых проблем, возможностей и стратегий для расширения сотрудничества и инноваций в этих рамках. Используя смешанный методологический подход, в исследовании анализируются данные официальной статистики, программные документы и мнения экспертов. Ключевые выводы свидетельствуют о значительных различиях в объеме инновационной деятельности: Россия опережает Беларусь по количеству патентных заявок (25 188 против 980 в 2022 году) и плотности инноваций (на 251,6% выше). Исследование также выявило сильную положительную корреляцию (r = 0,97) между долей России во внешней торговле и инвестициях Беларуси, что указывает на глубокие экономические связи. Проблемы включают экономическое неравенство, несоответствия в законодательстве и неравномерное развитие цифровых технологий. Однако совместные инициативы в области космических исследований, информационных технологий и цифрового развития демонстрируют стремление к интеграции при сбалансированном распределении по секторам (по 28,6% в области цифровых технологий, медицины и образования). Рекомендации включают устранение различий в инновациях с помощью целевых программ, гармонизацию нормативно-правовой базы и усиление институциональной поддержки сотрудничества. В исследовании предлагается комплексная стратегия использования цифровых технологий для интеграции, включая разработку общих платформ обмена данными и услуг электронного правительства. Это исследование позволяет по-новому взглянуть на сложности формирования единого научно-технологического пространства в рамках наднационального образования и является ценным руководством для политиков и исследователей в области международной интеграции и управления инновациями.

This study examines the state management of integration processes in the Union State of Russia and Belarus, focusing on the formation of a unified scientific and technological space in the digital era. Despite extensive research on Russian-Belarusian integration, there remains a significant gap in understanding the specific challenges and opportunities presented by scientific and technological integration in the digital age. The research aims to identify key challenges, opportunities, and strategies for enhancing cooperation and innovation within this framework. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study analyzes data from official statistics, policy documents, and expert opinions. Key findings reveal significant disparities in innovation output, with Russia outpacing Belarus in patent applications (25,188 vs. 980 in 2022) and innovation density (251.6% higher). The research also identifies a strong positive correlation (r = 0.97) between Russia’s share in Belarus’s foreign trade and investments, indicating deep economic ties. Challenges include economic disparities, regulatory inconsistencies, and uneven digital development. However, joint initiatives in space research, IT, and digital development demonstrate a commitment to integration, with a balanced distribution across sectors (28.6% each in digital/IT, medical/health, and education). Recommendations include addressing innovation disparities through targeted programs, harmonizing regulatory frameworks, and strengthening institutional support for collaboration. The study proposes a comprehensive strategy to leverage digitalization for integration, including developing common data sharing platforms and e-government services. This research contributes novel insights into the complexities of forming a unified scientific and technological space within a supranational entity, offering valuable guidance for policymakers and researchers in the field of international integration and innovation management.

 Россия; Беларусь; Союзное государство России и Беларуси; Союзное государство; российско-белорусская интеграция; научно-техническое сотрудничество; единое научно-технологическое пространство; цифровая трансформация; инновационное неравенство; государственное управление Russia; Belarus; Union State of Russia and Belarus; Union State; Russia-Belarus integration; scientific and technological cooperation; unified scientific and technological space; digital transformation; innovation disparities; state management

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