<!DOCTYPE article
PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.4 20190208//EN"
       "JATS-journalpublishing1.dtd">
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.4" xml:lang="en">
 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>От химии к технологии шаг за шагом</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2782-1900</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">104796</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52957/2782-1900-2025-6-3-155-162</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Научные статьи</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Scientific articles</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Научные статьи</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Silver-containing nanocomposite based on guar gum as a catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Silver-containing nanocomposite based on guar gum as a catalyst for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Варфоломеева</surname>
       <given-names>Валерия Александровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Varfolomeeva</surname>
       <given-names>Valeriya Aleksandrovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Шестаков</surname>
       <given-names>Александр Станиславович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shestakov</surname>
       <given-names>Aleksandr Stanislavovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>shestakov@chem.vsu.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Самотина</surname>
       <given-names>Ирина Юрьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Samotina</surname>
       <given-names>Irina Yur'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Бунина</surname>
       <given-names>Виктория Романовна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bunina</surname>
       <given-names>Viktoriya Romanovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Ремхо</surname>
       <given-names>Виктория Владимировна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Remho</surname>
       <given-names>Viktoriya Vladimirovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh State University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Воронежский государственный университет</institution>
     <city>Воронеж</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Voronezh state university</institution>
     <city>Voronezh</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30T12:44:23+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2025-09-30T12:44:23+03:00">
    <day>30</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2025</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>6</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>155</fpage>
   <lpage>162</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-07-22T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>22</day>
     <month>07</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-08-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>08</month>
     <year>2025</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/104796/view">https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/104796/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>A silver nanocomposite on a matrix of the natural polysaccharide guar gum cross-linked with borate bridges was obtained. Metallic nanoparticles were synthesised by the reduction of silver ions under the action of the polysaccharide. &#13;
The formation of the nanocomposites was confirmed by UV and IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The resulting polymeric nanocomposite shows catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride under mild conditions.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>A silver nanocomposite on a matrix of the natural polysaccharide guar gum cross-linked with borate bridges was obtained. Metallic nanoparticles were synthesised by the reduction of silver ions under the action of the polysaccharide. &#13;
The formation of the nanocomposites was confirmed by UV and IR spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis. The resulting polymeric nanocomposite shows catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol with sodium borohydride under mild conditions.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>Guar gum</kwd>
    <kwd>silver nanoparticles</kwd>
    <kwd>catalysis</kwd>
    <kwd>reduction</kwd>
    <kwd>4-nitrophenol</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Guar gum</kwd>
    <kwd>silver nanoparticles</kwd>
    <kwd>catalysis</kwd>
    <kwd>reduction</kwd>
    <kwd>4-nitrophenol</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">The part of the research was conducted using the equipment of the Shared Research and Education Center of Voronezh State University. URL: http://ckp.vsu.ru</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The part of the research was conducted using the equipment of the Shared Research and Education Center of Voronezh State University. URL: http://ckp.vsu.ru</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
  <p></p>
 </body>
 <back>
  <ref-list>
   <ref id="B1">
    <label>1.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Popov Yu.V., Mokhov V.M., Nebykov D.N., Budko I.I. Nanodispersed particles in catalysis: preparation and using in hydrogenation and reduction reactions (a review). Izvestiya VolgGTU: mezhvuz. sb. nauch. st., 2014, 7(134), 5-44. Available at: https://www.vstu.ru/uploadiblok/files/izvestiya/archive/11/2014-07.pdf (accessed 17.07.2025). (in Russian).</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Popov Yu.V., Mokhov V.M., Nebykov D.N., Budko I.I. Nanodispersed particles in catalysis: preparation and using in hydrogenation and reduction reactions (a review). Izvestiya VolgGTU: mezhvuz. sb. nauch. st., 2014, 7(134), 5-44. Available at: https://www.vstu.ru/uploadiblok/files/izvestiya/archive/11/2014-07.pdf (accessed 17.07.2025). (in Russian).</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B2">
    <label>2.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang K., Suh J.M., Choi J.-W., Jang H.W. Shokouhimehr M., Varma R.S. Recent advances in the nanocatalyst-assisted NaBH4 reduction of nitroaromatics in water. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(1), 483-495. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03051.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang K., Suh J.M., Choi J.-W., Jang H.W. Shokouhimehr M., Varma R.S. Recent advances in the nanocatalyst-assisted NaBH4 reduction of nitroaromatics in water. ACS Omega, 2019, 4(1), 483-495. DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03051.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B3">
    <label>3.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Begum R., Rehan R., Farooqi Z.H., Butt Z., Ashraf S. Physical chemistry of catalytic reduction of nitroarenes using various nanocatalytic systems: past, present, and future. J. Nanopart. Res., 2016, 18(8), 231. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-016-3536-5.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Begum R., Rehan R., Farooqi Z.H., Butt Z., Ashraf S. Physical chemistry of catalytic reduction of nitroarenes using various nanocatalytic systems: past, present, and future. J. Nanopart. Res., 2016, 18(8), 231. DOI: 10.1007/s11051-016-3536-5.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B4">
    <label>4.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dong X.-Y., Gao Z.-W., Yang K.-F., Zhang W.-Q., Xu L.-W. Nanosilver as a new generation of silver catalysts in organic transformations for efficient synthesis of fine chemicals. Catal. Sci. Technol., 2015, 5, 2554-2574. DOI: 10.1039/C5CY00285K.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dong X.-Y., Gao Z.-W., Yang K.-F., Zhang W.-Q., Xu L.-W. Nanosilver as a new generation of silver catalysts in organic transformations for efficient synthesis of fine chemicals. Catal. Sci. Technol., 2015, 5, 2554-2574. DOI: 10.1039/C5CY00285K.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B5">
    <label>5.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pradhan N., Pal A., Pal T. Silver nanoparticle catalyzed reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2002, 196(2-3), 247-257. DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)01040-8.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pradhan N., Pal A., Pal T. Silver nanoparticle catalyzed reduction of aromatic nitro compounds. Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2002, 196(2-3), 247-257. DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(01)01040-8.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B6">
    <label>6.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang W., Tan F., Wang W., Qiu X., Qiao X., Chen J. Facile, template-free synthesis of silver nanodendrites with high catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol. J. Hazard. Mater., 2012, 217–218, 36-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.056.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang W., Tan F., Wang W., Qiu X., Qiao X., Chen J. Facile, template-free synthesis of silver nanodendrites with high catalytic activity for the reduction of p-nitrophenol. J. Hazard. Mater., 2012, 217–218, 36-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2012.01.056.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B7">
    <label>7.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma M., Sarma P.J., Goswami M.J., Bania K.K. Metallogel templated synthesis and stabilization of silver-particles and its application in catalytic reduction of nitro-arene. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2017, 490, 529-541. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.065.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma M., Sarma P.J., Goswami M.J., Bania K.K. Metallogel templated synthesis and stabilization of silver-particles and its application in catalytic reduction of nitro-arene. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2017, 490, 529-541. DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.065.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B8">
    <label>8.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shanmugaraj K., Campos C.H., Singh D.P., Gracia-Pinilla M.A., Díaz de Leon V., Aepuru R., Mangalaraja R.V. Edge-site selective decoration of silver nanoparticles on TiO2 nanosheets for the rapid catalytic reduction of nitroarenes. J. Environm. Chem. Eng., 2024, 12(3), 112588. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.112588.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shanmugaraj K., Campos C.H., Singh D.P., Gracia-Pinilla M.A., Díaz de Leon V., Aepuru R., Mangalaraja R.V. Edge-site selective decoration of silver nanoparticles on TiO2 nanosheets for the rapid catalytic reduction of nitroarenes. J. Environm. Chem. Eng., 2024, 12(3), 112588. DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2024.112588.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B9">
    <label>9.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chernikh M.V., Mikheeva N.N., Zaikovskii V.I., Mamontova G.V. Influence of the Ag content on the activity of Ag/CeO2 catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Kinet. Catal., 2020, 61(5), 794–800. DOI: 10.1134/S002315842005002X.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chernikh M.V., Mikheeva N.N., Zaikovskii V.I., Mamontova G.V. Influence of the Ag content on the activity of Ag/CeO2 catalysts in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Kinet. Catal., 2020, 61(5), 794–800. DOI: 10.1134/S002315842005002X.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B10">
    <label>10.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Begum R., Naseem Kh., Ahmed E., Sharif A., Farooqi Z.H. Simultaneous catalytic reduction of nitroarenes using silver nanoparticles fabricated in poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid-acrylamide) microgels. Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 2016, 511, 17-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.09.076.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Begum R., Naseem Kh., Ahmed E., Sharif A., Farooqi Z.H. Simultaneous catalytic reduction of nitroarenes using silver nanoparticles fabricated in poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-acrylic acid-acrylamide) microgels. Colloids Surf., A: Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 2016, 511, 17-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.09.076.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B11">
    <label>11.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Begum R., Farooqi Z.H., Aboo A.H., Ahmed E., Sharif A., Xiao J. Reduction of nitroarenes catalyzed by microgel-stabilized silver nanoparticles. J. Hazard. Mater., 2019, 377, 399-408. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.080.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Begum R., Farooqi Z.H., Aboo A.H., Ahmed E., Sharif A., Xiao J. Reduction of nitroarenes catalyzed by microgel-stabilized silver nanoparticles. J. Hazard. Mater., 2019, 377, 399-408. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.05.080.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B12">
    <label>12.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naseem Kh., Begum R., Farooqi Z.H., Wu W., Irfan A. Core-shell microgel stabilized silver nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of aryl nitro compounds. Appl. Organomet. Chem., 2020, e5742. DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5742.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naseem Kh., Begum R., Farooqi Z.H., Wu W., Irfan A. Core-shell microgel stabilized silver nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of aryl nitro compounds. Appl. Organomet. Chem., 2020, e5742. DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5742.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B13">
    <label>13.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liao G., Chen J., Zeng W., Yu Ch., Yi Ch., Xu Z. Facile preparation of uniform nanocomposite spheres with loading silver nanoparticles on polystyrene-methyl acrylic acid spheres for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. J. Phys. Chem. C., 2016, 120(45), 25935–25944. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09356.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liao G., Chen J., Zeng W., Yu Ch., Yi Ch., Xu Z. Facile preparation of uniform nanocomposite spheres with loading silver nanoparticles on polystyrene-methyl acrylic acid spheres for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. J. Phys. Chem. C., 2016, 120(45), 25935–25944. DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09356.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B14">
    <label>14.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Giri S., Das R., van der Westhuyzen Ch., Maity A. An efficient selective reduction of nitroarenes catalyzed by reusable silver-adsorbed waste nanocomposite. Appl. Catal. B: Environmental, 2017, 209, 669 678. DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.03.033.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Giri S., Das R., van der Westhuyzen Ch., Maity A. An efficient selective reduction of nitroarenes catalyzed by reusable silver-adsorbed waste nanocomposite. Appl. Catal. B: Environmental, 2017, 209, 669 678. DOI: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.03.033.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B15">
    <label>15.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baran T. Bio-synthesis and structural characterization of highly stable silver nanoparticles decorated on a sustainable bio-composite for catalytic reduction of nitroarenes. J. Mol. Struct., 2019, 1182, 213-218. DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.01.057.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baran T. Bio-synthesis and structural characterization of highly stable silver nanoparticles decorated on a sustainable bio-composite for catalytic reduction of nitroarenes. J. Mol. Struct., 2019, 1182, 213-218. DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.01.057.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B16">
    <label>16.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sivagami M., Asharani I.V. Catalytic reduction of nitroarenes by Cucumis maderaspatanus L. leaves extract mediated silver nanoparticles. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 2023, 104981. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104981.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sivagami M., Asharani I.V. Catalytic reduction of nitroarenes by Cucumis maderaspatanus L. leaves extract mediated silver nanoparticles. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 2023, 104981. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104981.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B17">
    <label>17.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Russo M., Armetta F., Riela S., Martino D.Ch., Lo Meo P., Noto R. Silver nanoparticles stabilized by a polyaminocyclodextrin as catalysts for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds. J. Molecular Cat. A.: Chem., 2015, 408, 250-261. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.07.031.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russo M., Armetta F., Riela S., Martino D.Ch., Lo Meo P., Noto R. Silver nanoparticles stabilized by a polyaminocyclodextrin as catalysts for the reduction of nitroaromatic compounds. J. Molecular Cat. A.: Chem., 2015, 408, 250-261. DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.07.031.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B18">
    <label>18.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmad A., Roy Pr.Jh., Zhou Sh., Irfan A., Kanwal F., Begum R., Farooqi Z.H. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles within chitosan based microgels for catalysis. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2023, 240, 124401. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124401.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahmad A., Roy Pr.Jh., Zhou Sh., Irfan A., Kanwal F., Begum R., Farooqi Z.H. Fabrication of silver nanoparticles within chitosan based microgels for catalysis. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2023, 240, 124401. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124401.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B19">
    <label>19.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zheng Y., Zhu Y., Tian G., Wang A. In situ generation of silver nanoparticles within crosslinked 3D guar gum networks for catalytic reduction. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2015, 73, 39-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.007.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zheng Y., Zhu Y., Tian G., Wang A. In situ generation of silver nanoparticles within crosslinked 3D guar gum networks for catalytic reduction. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2015, 73, 39-44. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2014.11.007.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B20">
    <label>20.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sundharaiya K., Kabilan M., Karuthamani M., Sathish G., Santha S., Muthuramalingam S., Jayakumar M. Guar gum: A comprehensive review of its potential applications in pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, and the food industry. Ann. Phytomed., 2025, 14(1), 187-198. DOI: 10.54085/ap.2025.14.1.18.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sundharaiya K., Kabilan M., Karuthamani M., Sathish G., Santha S., Muthuramalingam S., Jayakumar M. Guar gum: A comprehensive review of its potential applications in pharmaceuticals, biomedicine, and the food industry. Ann. Phytomed., 2025, 14(1), 187-198. DOI: 10.54085/ap.2025.14.1.18.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B21">
    <label>21.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sharma G., Sharma Sh., Kumar A., Al-Muhtaseb A.H., Naushad M., Ghfar A.A., Mola G.T., Stadler F.J. Guar gum and its composites as potential materials for diverse applications: A review. Carbohydr. Polym., 2018, 199, 534-545. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.053.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sharma G., Sharma Sh., Kumar A., Al-Muhtaseb A.H., Naushad M., Ghfar A.A., Mola G.T., Stadler F.J. Guar gum and its composites as potential materials for diverse applications: A review. Carbohydr. Polym., 2018, 199, 534-545. DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.07.053.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B22">
    <label>22.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petryayeva E., Krull U.J. Localized surface plasmon resonance: Nanostructures, bioassays and biosensing. A review. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2011, 706(1), 8-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.08.020.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petryayeva E., Krull U.J. Localized surface plasmon resonance: Nanostructures, bioassays and biosensing. A review. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2011, 706(1), 8-24. DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2011.08.020.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
   <ref id="B23">
    <label>23.</label>
    <citation-alternatives>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khan N., Kumar D., Kumar P. Silver nanoparticles embedded guar gum/gelatin nanocomposite: Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity. Coll. Interface Sci. Commun., 2020, 35, 100242. DOI: 10.1016/j.colcom.2020.100242.</mixed-citation>
     <mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khan N., Kumar D., Kumar P. Silver nanoparticles embedded guar gum/gelatin nanocomposite: Green synthesis, characterization and antibacterial activity. Coll. Interface Sci. Commun., 2020, 35, 100242. DOI: 10.1016/j.colcom.2020.100242.</mixed-citation>
    </citation-alternatives>
   </ref>
  </ref-list>
 </back>
</article>
