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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">From Chemistry Towards Technology Step-By-Step</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>От химии к технологии шаг за шагом</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="online">2782-1900</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">82263</article-id>
   <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52957/27821900_2022_03_27</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>Научные статьи</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>Scientific articles</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>Научные статьи</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Quantum-chemical study of the carboxylation reaction of 4-aminophenol, 4-acetylaminophenol and their salts in the synthesis of 5-aminosalicylic acid</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Квантово-химическое исследование реакции карбоксилирования 4-аминофенола, 4-ацетиламинофенола и их солей в синтезе 5-аминосалициловой кислоты</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Варваркин</surname>
       <given-names>Сергей Викторович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Varvarkin</surname>
       <given-names>Sergey Viktorovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8840-248X</contrib-id>
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Соловьев</surname>
       <given-names>Михаил Евгеньевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Soloviev</surname>
       <given-names>Mikhail Evgen'evich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор физико-математических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of physical and mathematical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Герасимова</surname>
       <given-names>Нина Петровна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Gerasimova</surname>
       <given-names>Nina Petrovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>gerasimovanp@ystu.ru</email>
     <bio xml:lang="ru">
      <p>доктор химических наук;</p>
     </bio>
     <bio xml:lang="en">
      <p>doctor of chemical sciences;</p>
     </bio>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный технический университет</institution>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Yaroslavl State Technical University</institution>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Ярославский государственный технический университет</institution>
     <city>Ярославль</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Ярославский государственный технический университет</institution>
     <city>Ярославль</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2022-09-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>09</month>
    <year>2022</year>
   </pub-date>
   <volume>3</volume>
   <issue>3</issue>
   <fpage>27</fpage>
   <lpage>33</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-07-04T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>04</day>
     <month>07</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
    <date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-09-12T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>12</day>
     <month>09</month>
     <year>2022</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/82263/view">https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/82263/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Квантово-химическим методом функционала плотности изучен механизм реакции получения 5-аминосалициловой кислоты путем карбоксилирования 4-аминофенола, 4-ацетиламинофенола и их натриевых солей при взаимодействии с углекислым газом. Вычислены изменения полной электронной энергии и свободной энергии Гиббса компонентов в результате реакции и проведено многомерное сканирование поверхности потенциальной энергии. В ходе сканирования исследовано изменение полной электронной энергии при различных расстояниях между атомом углерода в молекуле углекислого газа и атомом углерода в бензольном кольце, к которому происходит присоединение. Показано, что 4-аминофенол и 4-ацетиламинофенол не способны вступать в реакцию, так как это невыгодно с термодинамической точки зрения. В то же время, соли 4-аминофенола и 4-ацетиламинофенола уже способны вступать в реакцию. При этом разница между использованием 4-аминофенола и 4-ацетиламинофенола несущественна. Это позволяет использовать в качестве исходного соединения 4-ацетиламинофенол, более устойчивый к окислению и менее токсичный. Предложен механизм карбоксилирования соли 4-ацетиламинофенола на основе многомерного сканирования поверхностей потенциальной энергии реагирующих частиц. Для экспериментального подтверждения возможности данной реакции было проведено газофазное каталитическое карбоксилирование 4-ацетиламинофенолята натрия, полученного in situ из 4-ацетиламинофенола и карбоната натрия. Реакцию проводили при 190 °С в течение 2 часов под давлением углекислого газа 3 МПа без использования растворителя. Строение и чистота полученной при этом 5-аминосалициловой кислоты (выход 47%) подтверждены различными физико-химическими методами. Данный метод синтеза 5-аминосалициловой кислоты перспективен для промышленной реализации.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>We studied the reaction mechanism of 5-aminosalicylic acid by carboxylation of 4 aminophenol, 4-acetylaminophenol and their sodium salts by interaction with carbon dioxide using the quantum density functional method. We calculated the changes in total electron energy and Gibbs free energy of the components as a result of the reaction and performed a multidimensional scan of the potential energy surface. The scan analyzed the change of total electron energy at different distances between the carbon atom in the carbon dioxide molecule and the carbon atom in the benzene ring to which the bonding takes place. We have shown that 4-aminophenol and 4-acetylaminophenol are not able to react as it is thermodynamically unfavourable. At the same time, the salts of 4-aminophenol and 4-acetylaminophenol are ready to reaction. The difference between using 4-aminophenol and 4-acetylaminophenol is not significant. This makes it possible to use 4-acetylaminophenol, which is more resistant to oxidation and less toxic, as a starting compound. We proposed a mechanism for the carboxylation of 4-acetylaminophenol salt based on a multidimensional scan of the potential energy surfaces of the reacting particles. In order to experimentally confirm the feasibility of this reaction we conducted a gas-phase catalytic carboxylation of sodium 4-acetylaminophenolate prepared in situ from 4 acetylaminophenol and sodium carbonate. We conducted the reaction at 190 oC for 2 hours at 3 MPa carbon dioxide pressure without using a solvent. The structure and purity of the 5 aminosalicylic acid obtained (47% yield) have been validated by various physico-chemical methods. This method for the synthesis of 5-aminosalicylic acid is prospective for industrial implementation.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>карбоксилирование</kwd>
    <kwd>4-аминофенол</kwd>
    <kwd>4-ацетиламинофенол</kwd>
    <kwd>5-аминосалициловая кислота</kwd>
    <kwd>месалазин</kwd>
    <kwd>термодинамические функции</kwd>
    <kwd>свободная энергия Гиббса</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>carboxylation</kwd>
    <kwd>4-aminophenol</kwd>
    <kwd>4-acetylaminophenol</kwd>
    <kwd>5-aminosalicylic acid</kwd>
    <kwd>mesalazine</kwd>
    <kwd>thermodynamic functions</kwd>
    <kwd>Gibbs free energy</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
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