JOURNAL OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS JOURNAL OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS Журнал региональной и международной конкурентоспособности 2782-1927 119124 DEFINING COMPETITIVENESS DEFINING COMPETITIVENESS DEFINING COMPETITIVENESS Theory and practice of preventive socio-economic policy: experience of the Republic of Tajikistan Теория и практика превентивной социально-экономической политики: опыт Республики Таджикистан https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2000-3895 Лутфулло Хабибулло Саидмуродзода Lutfullo Habibullo Saidmurodzoda lsaidmuradov@rambler.ru

доктор экономических наук;

doctor of economic sciences;

 Таджикский государственный университет финансов и экономики Душанбе Таджикистан Tajik State University of Finance and Economics Dushanbe Tajikistan 30 03 2026 30 03 2026 7 1 4 15 02 01 2026 06 03 2026 https://chemintech.ru/en/nauka/article/119124/view

В данной статье рассматриваются теоретические основы и практическая реализация превентивной социально-экономической политики в условиях трансформирующейся открытой экономики на примере Республики Таджикистан. В работе обосновывается, что современная глобальная экономическая нестабильность требует перехода от реактивных антикризисных мер к проактивным превентивным подходам, интегрированным в национальные стратегии развития. Опираясь на эволюционную экономическую теорию и концепцию трансформационных открытых экономических систем, автор рассматривает превентивную политику как механизм управляемой эволюции, направленный на снижение системных рисков, уменьшение транзакционных и доверительных издержек, а также согласование поведения экономических субъектов с долгосрочными целями развития. В статье подчеркивается ключевая роль институционального компромисса между государством и рыночными субъектами в обеспечении макроэкономической стабильности и конкурентоспособности. Особое внимание уделяется опыту Таджикистана по преодолению постсоветских трансформационных вызовов, включая гражданский конфликт, экономический спад и структурные дисбалансы, а также последующей успешной реализации стратегических программ развития. Эмпирические данные свидетельствуют о том, что превентивные меры – такие как макроэкономический мониторинг, диверсификация, поддержка предпринимательства и социальная защита – способствовали устойчивому экономическому росту и повышению устойчивости к внешним шокам. В заключение делается вывод о том, что превентивная социально-экономическая политика представляет собой важную парадигму для развивающихся стран, позволяя им повышать адаптационный потенциал, обеспечивать устойчивое развитие и эффективно реагировать на глобальные неопределенности.

This article examines the theoretical foundations and practical implementation of preventive socio-economic policy within the context of a transforming open economy, using the Republic of Tajikistan as a case study. The study argues that contemporary global economic instability necessitates a shift from reactive anti-crisis measures toward proactive, preventive approaches embedded in national development strategies. Drawing on evolutionary economic theory and the concept of transformational open economic systems, the paper conceptualizes preventive policy as a mechanism of managed evolution aimed at mitigating systemic risks, reducing transaction and fiduciary costs, and aligning the behavior of economic agents with long-term development goals. The analysis highlights the critical role of institutional compromise between the state and market actors in ensuring macroeconomic stability and competitiveness. Particular attention is given to Tajikistan’s experience in overcoming post-Soviet transformation challenges, including civil conflict, economic collapse, and structural imbalances, followed by the successful implementation of strategic development programs. Empirical evidence demonstrates that preventive measures – such as macroeconomic monitoring, diversification, support for entrepreneurship, and social protection – have contributed to sustained economic growth and resilience to external shocks. The paper concludes that preventive socio-economic policy represents an essential paradigm for developing economies, enabling them to enhance adaptive capacity, ensure sustainable development, and effectively respond to global uncertainties.

 превентивная социально-экономическая политика; трансформационная экономика; открытая экономика; экономическая безопасность; макроэкономическая стабильность; институциональное развитие; антикризисное управление; Таджикистан; устойчивое развитие; экономические реформы preventive socio-economic policy; transformational economy; open economy; economic security; macroeconomic stability; institutional development; crisis management; Tajikistan; sustainable development; economic reforms

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